快速消解分光光度法测定工业废水COD试剂探讨

快速消解分光光度法[1]测定污水中COD是一种快速高效的分析方法,文章详细介绍了分别用快速消解仪专用试剂和自制试剂测定工业废水中的COD。结果表明,在COD值在40~1200 mg/L范围内,两种试剂测定的结果的线性关系几乎相同,相关系数都能达到1.000,同时都还具有很好的精密度和准确度。     

Microstructure,residual stresses,and mechanical performance of surface crystallized translucent glass-ceramics

Mechanical properties of glasses can be significantly increased by inducing surface crystallization of a low coefficient of thermal expansion phase. In this work, we produced surface crystallized lithia-alumina-silica glass-ceramics with different crystallized layer thicknesses and analysed the resulting residual stresses and their effect on mechanical properties. The residual stress magnitude was estimated by analytical and experimental methods, as well as numerical modeling. The surface compressive stress reached 390 MPa and 490 MPa, as given by the analytical and experimental determination, respectively. These stresses prevented radial cracking in microhardness and scratch tests. The best glass-ceramic achieved a Vickers hardness of 7.5 GPa and fracture strength of 680 ± 50 MPa in a ball-on-three-ball test. These glass-ceramics are translucent, providing 50–60% transmittance over the visible wavelength spectrum (1.3 mm-thick-sample). This study unveiled the causes of improved mechanical properties and validates the concept that surface crystallization is a valuable technique for developing high strength glass-ceramics.     

钛白粉的制备方法现状及展望

综述了钛白粉的制备方法现状及研究进展,分析了各种方法的技术特点,指出金红石型钛白粉生产应以氯化法为主,但在中国发展氯化法钛白需加强适合国内高钙镁钛资源制备沸腾氯化炉料方法的研究,进一步掌握沸腾氯化法生产的核心技术,同时开展熔盐氯化废渣的循环利用研究,开发清洁的熔盐氯化法新技术。锐钛型钛白粉产品在功能材料方面有着不可替代的市场地位,硫酸法、盐酸法、亚熔盐法、氟化法均可生产出锐钛型钛白产品,这些方法还需解决生产过程中试剂的循环利用以及三废的综合利用问题,才能实现钛白粉产业的绿色转型。     

微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积加固有机质黏土的试验研究

利用尿素水解菌ATCC 11859,开展了不同胶结液浓度下MICP压力灌浆加固有机质黏土的研究试验。通过试验前后试样的无侧限抗压强度、CaCO_3含量、渗透系数、有机质含量以及灌浆过程中流出液Ca~(2+)与NH_4~+浓度的变化,综合评价了MICP压力灌浆加固有机质黏土的效果。结果表明:MICP压力灌浆加固有机质黏土是有效的,处理后试样有机质含量可降低1%～4%,无侧限抗压强度提高可达370%,渗透系数可降低约1个数量级;在本试验的菌液活性(即每分钟水解尿素的量为9.68毫摩尔每升)及浓度(约108 cell/mL)下,胶结液浓度对处理效果有明显影响,提高0.25M胶结液中的urea浓度,可显著提高处理后土体的无侧限抗压强度。     

An efficient and regioselective thiocyanation of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds using cross-linked poly (4-vinylpyridine)-supported thiocyanate as a versatile reagent and potassium peroxydisulfate as a strong oxidizing agent

A green and regioselective thiocyanation of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds has been achieved via a simple protocol using cross-linked poly (4-vinylpyridine)-supported thiocyanate ion, [P₄-VP]SCN, as a versatile polymeric reagent and potassium persulfate as a strong oxidizing agent, under heterogeneous conditions.

Various indoles, phenol and aniline derivatives, and pyrroles were transformed into their corresponding aryl thiocyanates in high to excellent yields. This procedure offers advantages such as short reaction time, simple reaction work-up, and the polymeric reagents can be regenerated and reused for several times without significant loss of their activity.     

Synthesis and anti-bacterial activity of novel dihydrochromeno[8,7-e][1,3]oxazine-2(8H)-thiones

A novel series of sulfur-containing dihydrochromeno[8,7-e][1,3]oxazine-2(8H)-thiones has been synthesized through an eco-friendly Mannich-type condensation cyclization reaction of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-thiocoumarin or 6-chloro-7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-thiocoumarin with formaldehyde and primary amines in water at 80–90°C for 2 h. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro anti-bacterial efficacy against two Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacterial strains by using the disc diffusion method. The compound (8c) was found to be most potent with the zone of inhibition of 16 and 15 mm against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 2937 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 31488, respectively.     

Numerical Investigation on Residual Stresses of the Safe-End/Nozzle Dissimilar Metal Welded Joint in CAP1400 Nuclear Power Plants

The residual stress evolution in a safe-end/nozzle dissimilar metal welded joint of CAP1400 nuclear power plants was investigated in the manufacturing process by finite element simulation. A finite element model, including cladding, buttering, post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) and dissimilar metal multi-pass welding, is developed based on SYSWELD software to investigate the evolution of residual stress in the aforementioned manufacturing process. The results reveal a large tensile axial residual stress, which exists at the weld zone on the inner surface, leads to a high sensitivity to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). PWHT process before dissimilar metal multi-pass welding process has a great influence on the magnitude and distribution of final axial residual stress. The risk of SCC on the inner surface of the pipe will increase if PWHT process is not taken into account. Therefore, such crucial thermal manufacturing process such as cladding, buttering and post-weld heat treatment, besides the multi-pass welding process, should be considered in the numerical model in order to accurately predict the distribution and the magnitude of the residual stress.     

容量法测定2-乙酰基-r-丁内酯中的水分

采用DL31型卡尔费休滴定仪对2-乙酰基-r-丁内酯的水分进行了测定，对仪器使用环境、极化电流、飘移值、进样时间、搅拌时间、称样量等影响因素进行了剖析，优化了仪器参数，确定了实验方法。     

Review: Low transformation temperature weld filler for tensile residual stress reduction

An attractive, alternative approach for the reduction of harmful residual stresses in weld zones is reviewed, which utilises low temperature, solid-state, displacive phase transformations in steel. The theory, latest concepts and practice for the design of such low transformation temperature (LTT) filler alloys are considered. By engineering the phase transformation temperature of the weld metal so as to take advantage of transformation expansion, the residual stress state within the weld zone can be significantly altered, most particularly where the weld thermally contracts with any movement of base parts constrained. To date, the technique has been shown to increase fatigue strength for some common weld geometries, which may enable engineering design codes to be favourably re-drafted where such LTT filler alloys are used.     

A case study in evaluating the status of consolidation of a soft soil deposit by incomplete piezocone dissipation tests using laboratory and field data

By using the piezocone penetration test (PCPT or CPTu), one can develop not only a better understanding of the soil stratification, but also an understanding of soil behavior parameters related to soil compressibility, as well as soil strength. This paper describes a case study that utilizes incomplete piezocone dissipation test to estimate status of consolidation of a soil deposit. Incomplete pore pressure dissipation record of PCPT is extrapolated on an inverse time scale (1/t method) to estimate the “in situ” pore pressure and “residual excess” pore pressure. No case study has been reported in open literature where this methodology has been utilized to estimate the status of consolidation of the soil deposit. In this paper, the 1/t method was verified using dissipation data from rigorous calibration chamber tests and field test data.